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wake turbulence
- Definição1
- The disturbed air left behind by an airplane. It consists of wing-tip vortices and a jet blast, jet wash, propeller wash, and rotor wash, both on the ground and in the air. It is the region of reduced total pressure behind an aircraft in flight.
- Fonte1
- KUMAR, Bharat (ed.). An illustrated dictionary of aviation. New York: McGraw-Hill, c2005. 752 p.
- Fonte2
- INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Air traffic management. 15th ed. Montreal, 2007. (Doc. 4444- ATM/ 501)
- Fonte3
- INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Annex 2 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Rules of the air. 10th ed. Montreal, 2005.
- Fonte4
- HALL, R. J.; CAMPBELL, R. D. Dictionary of aviation. Oxford: BSP, c1991. vi, 346 p.
- Nota adicional1
- Wake vortices, sometimes referred to as Wake turbulence, are present behind every aircraft, including helicopters when in forward flight, but are particular severe when generated by heavy aircraft such as the wide-bodied jet. They are most hazardous to aircraft with a small wing span during the takeoff, initial climb, final approach and landing phases of flight. The characteristics of the Wake vortex system generated by an aircraft in flight are determined initially by the aircraft’s gross weight, wingspan, airspeed configuration and altitude. Subsequently these atmosphere and eventually, after a time varying according to the circumstances from a few seconds to a few minutes after the passage of an aircraft, the effects of the wake become undetectable. For practical purposes, the vortex system in the cylindrical air masses trailing aft from the aircraft. Typically the two vortices are separated by about three quarters of the aircraft’s wingspan, and in still air they tend to drift slowly downwards and either level off, usually not more than 1000 ft below the flight path of the aircraft, or, on approaching the ground, move sideways from the track of the generating aircraft at a height approximately equal to half the aircraft’s wingspan.
- Nota adicional2
- All aircraft generate wake turbulence during flight. This disturbance is caused by a pair of counter-rotating vortices trailing from the wingtips. The vortices from larger aircraft pose problems to encountering aircraft. The wake of these aircraft can impose rolling moments exceeding the roll-control authority of the encountering aircraft. Also, the turbulence generated within the vortices can damage aircraft components and equipment if encountered at close range. For this reason, a pilot must envision the location of the vortex wake and adjust the flight path accordingly.
- Nota adicional3
- Information regarding this term is a result of researches developed by DECEA in cooperation with ANAC.
- Contexto
- 5.8.1.2 The ATC unit shall, in respect of the flights specified in 5.8.1.1 a) and b), as well as when otherwise deemed necessary, issue a caution of possible wake turbulence. The pilot-in-command of the aircraft concerned shall be responsible for ensuring that the spacing from a preceding aircraft of a heavier wake turbulence category is acceptable.
- A standard method should be established for the manoeuvring of aircraft intercepting a civil aircraft in order to avoid any hazard for the intercepted aircraft. Such method should take due account of the performance limitations of civil aircraft, the need to avoid flying in such proximity to the intercepted aircraft that a collision hazard may be created and the need to avoid crossing the aircraft's flight path or to perform any other manoeuvre in such a manner that the wake turbulence may be hazardous, particularly if the intercepted aircraft is a light aircraft.
- Subárea1
- Air Traffic Control
- Português
- esteira de turbulência
- Imagem
Wake turbulance.
Fonte: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wake_turbulence#/media/File:Airplane_vortex_edit.jpg
