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geoid undulation
Definição1
The distance of the geoid above (positive) or below (negative) the mathematical reference ellipsoid. NOTE: In respect to the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS-84) defined ellipsoid, the difference between the WGS-84 ellipsoidal height and orthometric height is the WGS-84 geoid undulation.
Fonte1
EUROCONTROL. Eurocontrol ATM lexicon. Brussels, 2011. Disponível em: http://www.eurocontrol.int/aim/public/standard_page/lexicon.html. Acesso em: 21 mar. 2011.
Fonte2
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. Aerodromes. Volume II: heliports. 4th ed. Montreal, 2013.
Fonte3
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation: aerodromes: volume 1: aerodrome design and operation. 8th ed. Montreal, 2018. (Annex 14).
Nota adicional1
Acronym in English: GUND.
Nota adicional2
In respect to the World Geodetic System — 1984 (WGS-84) defined ellipsoid, the difference between the WGS-84 ellipsoidal height and orthometric height represents WGS-84 geoid undulation.
Contexto
Geoid undulation must be measured in accordance with the appropriate system of coordinates.
Subárea1
Aeronautical Cartography
Related Term
geoid
Português
ondulação de geóide
Imagem

 The geoid undulation three-dimensional representation of the Earth's surface.

The geoid undulation three-dimensional representation of the Earth's surface.

Fonte: http://hu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A1jl:Geoids_sm.jpg&filetimestamp=20080403142037