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ground handling
Definição1
Services necessary for an aircraft’s arrival at, and departure from, an airport, other than air traffic services.
Fonte1
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. International civil aviation vocabulary. 3rd ed. Montreal, 2007. (Doc. 9713)
Definição2
Although there is no formal, official definition, ground handling is generally understood to broadly include services necessary for an aircraft’s arrival at, and departure from, an airport but to exclude those provided by air traffic control. The Airport Economics Manual (Doc 9562) separates the ground-handling function into terminal handling (passenger check-in, baggage and freight handling) and ramp handling (aircraft handling, cleaning and servicing). Ground handling generally excludes maintenance and repair of aircraft, although in some instances so-called line maintenance may be considered as a part of ground-handling services.
Fonte2
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Manual on the Regulation of International Air Transport. 2. ed. Montreal: ICAO, 2004. (Doc. 9626)
Fonte3
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION. Manual on the Regulation of International Air Transport. 2nd ed. Montreal: ICAO, 2004. (Doc. 9626)
Fonte4
ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR 13537: carga aérea e equipamento de apoio no solo para aeronave – vocabulário. Rio de Janeiro, 2006.
Contexto
States usually regulate ground handling as an airport activity, either as operators of airports (directly or via autonomous agencies) or by relying on national laws and regulations concerning such matters as non-discriminatory treatment.
Subárea1
Operations
Português
manuseio no solo
Imagem

 A ground-handling tug pulls a British Airways Boeing 747-400 at London Heathrow Airport, England.

A ground-handling tug pulls a British Airways Boeing 747-400 at London Heathrow Airport, England.

Fonte: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ground.handling.arp.jpg/220px-Ground.handling.arp.jpg

 Icelandair plane being serviced by another airline, SAS at Gardermoen Airport.

Icelandair plane being serviced by another airline, SAS at Gardermoen Airport.

Fonte: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Icelandair_Surtsey_TF-FIJ_boeing757-200.JPG